The purpose of adding additives to plastics is mainly to improve processing performance, improve use efficiency and reduce costs. The proportion of additives in plastic materials is small, but it has a great impact on the quality of plastic products. Different types of plastics, due to different molding processing methods and use conditions, the type and amount of additives required are also different. The main auxiliaries are the following categories:

1、Stabilizer

What are the commonly used additives in plastics?

We all know that plastic products in the process of processing, storage and use, under the action of light, heat, oxygen, will occur fading, embrittlement, crack aging phenomenon. In order to delay and
prevent the aging phenomenon, it is necessary to add stabilizer. Mainly used to prevent thermal aging, called heat stabilizer; Mainly used to prevent aging, called antioxidants; Mainly used to prevent light aging, called light stabilizer, they are collectively referred to as stabilizers.

The most excellent plastic stabilizer today is methyl tin heat stabilizer (referred to as 181), which is very effective in the calendering, extrusion, injection molding and blow molding of rigid polyethylene (PVC). Because of its high safety, it is especially used in food packaging and high-definition rigid polyethylene products. At the same time, it is also widely used in plastic doors and windows, water pipes, and decorative materials to replace other highly toxic plastics. Heat stabilizers. It is widely used in the United States, Europe, and Japan. In recent years, 181 methyl tin heat stabilizer has begun to be widely used in my country.

2、Plasticizer

Plasticizers can increase the softness, extensibility, and plasticity of plastics, reduce the flow temperature and hardness of plastics, and are beneficial to the molding of plastic products. Commonly used ones include phthalates, sebacates, chlorinated paraffins and camphor. The most common one we see is camphor.

3、Flame Retardant

Additives that can improve the flame resistance of plastics are called flame retardants. Most plastics containing flame retardants are self-extinguishing or slow down their burning rate. Commonly used flame retardants include antimony, aluminum and boron compounds, halides and phosphates, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, etc.

4、Anti static Agent

Anti static agents play the role of eliminating or reducing static electricity generated on the surface of plastic products. Most anti static agents are electrolytes. Their compatibility with synthetic resins is limited, so they can migrate to the surface of the plastic to absorb moisture and eliminate static electricity.

5、Foaming agent

Plastic foaming agent is a low-molecular organic compound that can vaporize at a certain temperature, such as dichlorodifluoromethane; or an organic compound that decomposes into gas when heated. These gases remain in the plastic matrix to form foam plastics with many fine foam structures. Commonly used ones include azo compounds, azo compounds, etc.

6、Colorant

Colorants are used to color plastics. Mainly used for beautification and modification. About 80% of plastic products are colored and made into final products.

7、Lubricant

Lubricant is a substance added to improve the mold releasability of plastics during heat molding and improve the surface finish of the product. Commonly used lubricants include: stearic acid and its salts, paraffin wax, synthetic wax, etc.

8、Reinforcements and fillers

In many plastics, reinforced materials and fillers account for a considerable proportion, especially reinforced plastics and calcium plastic materials. The main purpose is: in order to improve the strength and rigidity of plastic products, various fiber materials or inorganic substances are generally added. The most commonly used reinforcing materials are: glass fiber, asbestos, quartz, carbon black, silicate, calcium carbonate, metal compounds, etc.